Melanin is yellow, brown or dark pigment that is found in the skin, hair and the choroids of the eye. Their function is to protect from the sun or ultra violet rays and maintain the skin color. Melanin has the capacity to increase and decrease as they can found more in the darker skin and lesser in the lighter skin. As it is very common to those like to burn their skin to make them into a Tan color is caused by the increasing of melanin pigments. Therefore, changing of skin color is effected by the exposure of sun or ultra violet rays. Melanin pigmentation is influenced by genetically, hormonal, physical and chemical agents.
Melanin is therefore very important in terms of maintaining and balancing the skin color either for a darker skin person or to a Lighter skin color person. When the functioning of Melanin becomes disorder, the skin color will start loosening and develops white patches on the body or facial areas. Therefore malfunctioning or dysfunction of melanin will lead towards Vitiligo or Leukoderma. There is no specific reasons for the cause of Vitiligo or Leukoderma has been found yet.
The malfunctioning of melanin could lead towards some of the concern diseases are Chloasma, Choroid, Melanoma and Melasma.
Chloasma is a yellowish or brown discoloration of facial skin. It may occur to a pregnant women and is called “mask of pregnancy”. Chloasma may also appear in the Addison’s disease or to some women taking contraception pills.
Choroid is concern with the eyeball and changing of their color.
Melanoma is malignant and the formation of pigment cells in the skin will lead towards a tumor which is rarely found in the children. It can cause through continuous ex.
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